Russian

KOI8-R was designed by the Soviet government and was intended to serve as the standard encoding. The State ensures the comprehensive development and functioning of the Ukrainian language in all spheres of social life throughout the entire territory of Ukraine. September 12, Shohamy, Elana October 31, In winter, temperatures get colder both from south to north and from west to east. Archived from the original PDF on July 10, ISBN Russian [e] is an East Slavic language , spoken primarily in Russia. Main article: Geography of Russia. Toggle limited content width. In Belarus , Russian is a second state language alongside Belarusian per the Constitution of Belarus. Archived from the original on June 2,

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Archived from the original on July 11, An estimated , people speak the Russian language in Cuba, on the account that more than 23, Cubans who took higher studies in the former Soviet Union and later in Russia, and another important group of people who studied at military schools and technologists. After , Marxist linguists had no interest in the multiplicity of peasant dialects and regarded their language as a relic of the rapidly disappearing past that was not worthy of scholarly attention. London: Routledge. Chelyabinsk Oblast. Archived from the original on October 25, Russia had active satellites in space in April , the world's third-highest. Over the course of centuries, the vocabulary and literary style of Russian have also been influenced by Western and Central European languages such as Greek, Latin , Polish , Dutch , German, French, Italian, and English, [39] and to a lesser extent the languages to the south and the east: Uralic , Turkic , [40] [41] Persian , [42] [43] Arabic , and Hebrew.

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The Guardian. Franz Steiner Verlag. Russia, as one of the world's only three countries bordering three oceans , [] has links with a great number of seas. The Russian alphabet has many systems of character encoding. Winter Evening. Main article: History of the Russian language. September 24, In Armenia , Russian has no official status, but it is recognized as a minority language under the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. Ultimately, by the end of the 16th century, Russia expanded east of the Ural Mountains. In , Laika , a Soviet space dog , became the first animal to orbit the Earth, aboard Sputnik 2. Olonets dialect.

Russian Dictionary

The ancestors of Russians are among the Slavic tribes that separated from the Proto-Indo-Europeans, who appeared in the northeastern part of Europe Russian.
In Junethe Wagner Groupa private military contractor fighting for Russia in Ukraine, Russian an open rebellion against the Russian Ministry of Defensecapturing Rostov-on-Donbefore beginning a march on Moscow, Russian.
Fennig, eds.
Retrieved May 25,
Archived from the original on July 19,
Nikolai Vavilov Russian best known for having identified the centres of origin of cultivated plants.

It is the largest country in the world by area , extending across eleven time zones. It shares land boundaries with fourteen countries. The country's capital as well as its largest city is Moscow. Saint Petersburg is Russia's second-largest city and cultural capital. Rus' ultimately disintegrated, with the Grand Duchy of Moscow growing to become the Tsardom of Russia. By the early 18th century, Russia had vastly expanded through conquest, annexation, and the efforts of Russian explorers , developing into the Russian Empire , which remains the third-largest empire in history. However, with the Russian Revolution in , Russia's monarchic rule was abolished and eventually replaced by the Russian SFSR —the world's first constitutionally socialist state. At the expense of millions of lives , the Soviet Union underwent rapid industrialisation in the s and later played a decisive role for the Allies in World War II by leading large-scale efforts on the Eastern Front. With the onset of the Cold War , it competed with the United States for global ideological influence. The Soviet era of the 20th century saw some of the most significant Russian technological achievements , including the first human-made satellite and the first human expedition into outer space. A new constitution was adopted, which established a federal semi-presidential system. Since the turn of the century, Russia's political system has been dominated by Vladimir Putin , under whom the country has experienced democratic backsliding and a shift towards authoritarianism. Russia has been militarily involved in a number of conflicts in former Soviet states and other countries , including its war with Georgia in and annexation of Crimea in from neighbouring Ukraine , followed by the further annexation of four other regions in during an ongoing invasion. Internationally, Russia ranks among the lowest in measurements of democracy , human rights and freedom of the press ; the country also has high levels of perceived corruption. Its mineral and energy sources are the world's largest, and its figures for oil production and natural gas production rank highly globally. Russia possesses the largest stockpile of nuclear weapons and has the third-highest military expenditure. According to the Oxford English Dictionary , the English name Russia first appeared in the 14th century, borrowed from Medieval Latin : Russia , used in the 11th century and frequently in 12th-century British sources, in turn derived from Russi , 'the Russians' and the suffix -ia. There are several words in Russian which translate to "Russians" in English. According to the Primary Chronicle , the word Rus' is derived from the Rus' people , who were a Swedish tribe, and where the three original members of the Rurikid dynasty came from.

Russian is a minority Russian. Russian [e] is an East Slavic languagespoken primarily in Russia, Russian. It is the native language of the Russians and belongs to the Indo-European language family, Russian. It Russian one of four living East Slavic languages, [f] and is also a part of the Russian Balto-Slavic languages. It was the de facto and de jure [23] official language of the former Soviet Union. Russian has over million total speakers worldwide, Russian. Russian is written using the Russian alphabet of the Cyrillic script ; it distinguishes between consonant phonemes with palatal secondary articulation and those without—the so-called "soft" and "hard" sounds. Almost every consonant has a hard or soft counterpart, and the distinction is a prominent feature of the language.

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